Perched dramatically on a sheer cliff in the Altındere Valley of Trabzon Province, Turkey, Sümela Monastery (also known as Panagia Soumela) feels almost unreal when seen in person. Built into the face of Karadağ Mountain at an altitude of about 1,200 meters, it appears as if the stone walls have emerged naturally from the cliff itself.
What Makes Sümela Monastery Special
- It’s ancient. It likely dates back to 386 CE, founded by monks from Athens during the era of Theodosius I. Over time, it grew through Byzantine and Trebizond Empires.
- It shelters many elements: there’s the Rock Church carved into the cliff cave, chapels, a guesthouse, a library, a sacred spring, kitchens and monks’ rooms.
Because of its location, getting there requires effort. There’s a steep path or steps, winding up through forest, eventually leading to a dramatic set of buildings almost hanging off the cliff.
History, Restoration, & Culture
Sümela has had a turbulent past: fires, earthquakes, disrepair, stuff caused by exposure and weather. Over recent years, authorities have worked heavily on restoration and rock stabilization, clearing rockfall risks, restoring frescoes, rebuilding aqueducts, and making sure the site is safe for visitors.
It was closed for safety in 2015, and after years of restoration, it partially reopened in 2019.
Why it’s a Must-See
- The combination of history and nature is powerful. The cliff, the forest, the old stonework, the frescoes — everything blends into a dramatic scene.
- Great for adventure and photos: the walk up, the views, the feeling of standing in a place that’s been part of so many ages.
- It draws tourists in large numbers — both local and international — especially in summer, partly because of its beauty, partly because of its lore and architecture.
